For the treatment of cavernous hemangiomas, the method of microwave cryodestruction is used. For children in the first half of life, hormone therapy is used: oral administration is prescribed.
The patient may have an enlarged liver. In especially rare cases, a rupture of the formation may occur, resulting in severe pain in the abdominal cavity.
This condition can be life-threatening. The most serious problem in the diagnostic process is determining whether the mass is a hemangioma or another type of tumor. In most cases, treatment of this pathology is not required, but in the presence of a large hemangioma, a surgical method can be used. This benign formation also occurs on the spine.
The most common option is the occurrence of hemangioma in the thoracic spine.
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A simple hemangioma is distinguished by a red or blue-purple color, its location is superficial. If we consider a hemangioma, then clear boundaries of the tumor are determined, its surface is smooth and protrudes slightly above the skin. The skin is affected, as well as a few millimeters of a layer of fat under the skin. If you press on the tumor, it becomes paler, and then the original color is restored. The tumor grows sideways.
Most often, tumors are detected in one vertebra, but sometimes multilevel lesions are diagnosed (the so-called hemangiomatosis).
Cavernous hemangioma has a different location - a limited node under the skin. Its appearance resembles a tumor, which is covered with bluish-colored skin or normal, unchanged. If the hemangioma is subjected to pressure, there is an outflow of blood and it becomes paler and subsides. For combined hemangioma, that is, a combination of superficial and subcutaneous tumors, similar symptoms are characteristic. Mixed hemangioma are tumor cells that originate from blood vessels and other tissues. Depending on what tissues are part of the tumor, its type, color and consistency is determined. At the moment, a large number of cases are recorded when newborns show multiple hemangiomatosis. But such a pathology is considered an exception.
It is rather difficult to diagnose hemangioma, despite the fact that in most cases most of it is located on the surface.
However, very often the visible area of the tumor is relatively small, and its main part is inside, and its determination requires the use of special diagnostic methods. Often in the process of diagnosis, the method of radiography is used. This is typical for the definition of extensive hemangiomas. In the process of diffuse increase in tumor size, characteristic changes in bones and soft tissues occur. This leads to an increase in volume and the appearance of angioliths in soft tissues. Also, cellular and diffuse can occur, and bone destruction can also appear.
The method of ultrasound diagnostics is also used, which allows you to determine the solitary echogenic formation, which has smooth and clear contours.
If computed tomography cannot determine the diagnosis, then diagnosis occurs using angiography. This method allows you to get the most accurate results by determining the extent of the vascular tumor and its localization. When using these diagnostic methods, either in combination or separately, hemangioma can be diagnosed with absolute certainty. Cryotherapy, electrocoagulation, and sclerosing preparations are successfully used in the treatment of this disease. As the most gentle method, while giving a good effect, laser photothermolysis is used, in which the hemangioma tissue is damaged, but the surrounding tissues remain intact.
The method of computed tomography is also used for diagnostics.
But surgical excision of the tumor can threaten profuse bleeding. In order to avoid bleeding, before the operation, the arteries are ligated, through which the tumor is fed, as well as hemangiomas are sheathed. If the hemangioma is located on the face, near the ears or on the neck, then its treatment becomes more difficult due to too strong blood supply in these areas. However, such tumors are especially rare. No less difficult is the treatment of hemangiomas, which appeared on the mammary glands of a girl, as well as in the perineum, on the hands and feet. Hemangioma poses a great danger for children born prematurely, because they grow much faster.
Hemangioma is also treated by surgical intervention: deeply located hemangiomas on the limbs and closed areas of the body are excised.
For this, liquid nitrogen is used. There is no scar after such treatment, which is very important in the treatment of children. Depending on the size of the tumor, the number of necessary sessions is determined. Sessions are carried out on an outpatient basis, while not used. As a rule, everything passes without complications and further treatment is not required. The place where the hemangioma used to be should be treated with brilliant green, and then anointed with baby cream.
According to the observations of specialists, approximately 7% of such tumors disappear on their own as the child grows.
However, the latter concerns the most harmless hemangiomas, which are located on closed areas of the body. The cryogenic method is used in the treatment of hemangiomas most often.
